安徽科技学院学报

为探究脂肪酸结合蛋白-3(Fatty Acid Binding Protein 3,FABP3)基因的多态性及其与肉品质性状的关联，进而在分子水平上指导安庆六白猪的育种工作，本文以52头安庆六白猪为材料，收集肉品质性状数据并提取DNA和RNA,根据FABP3基因序列设计4对引物进行PCR扩增及测序，运用SnapGene软件分析测序结果，对FABP3基因进行不同基因型与安庆六白猪肌内脂肪含量的关联分析并运用荧光定量PCR对其进行基因表达差异分析。结果表明，FABP3基因存在1个同义突变(c.1626C>G),3个错义突变(c.1781C>T、c.2056G>A、c.2366C>A),统计分析发现，FABP3基因错义突变位点c.2366C>A与肌内脂肪含量显著关联(P<0.05)。该错义突变导致FABP3蛋白第3754位氨基酸残基由丙氨酸(A)突变为谷氨酸(E)。利用荧光定量PCR对FABP3基因c.2366C>A 2种基因型(AA和AC)个体表达量差异分析，发现该突变位点2种基因型个体间基因表达量差异显著，表明该错义突变位点可能通过影响蛋白功能来调控肌内脂肪含量。由此可见，FABP3基因中有1个位点与肌内脂肪含量关联显著，可以作为肉品质性状的候选基因功能位点，为后期培育拥有优良肉品质的安庆六白猪提供了理论依据。

To investigate the polymorphisms of the fatty acid binding protein 3(FABP3) gene and its association with meat quality traits, thereby providing molecular-level guidance for the genetic improvement of Anqing Liubai pigs, this study was conducted using 52 individuals of this local breed. Meat quality traits were recorded, and both genomic DNA and total RNA were extracted. Based on the FABP3 gene sequence, four pairs of primers were designed for PCR amplification and sequencing. The sequencing results were analyzed using SnapGene software. Association analysis was performed to examine the relationship between FABP3 genotypes and intramuscular fat content, and quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR) was used to assess gene expression differences.The results identified one synonymous mutation(c.1626C>G) and three missense mutations(c.1781C>T, c.2056G>A, and c.2366C>A) in the FABP3 gene. Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between the c.2366C>A missense mutation and intramuscular fat content(P<0.05). This mutation resulted in an amino acid substitution at position 3754 of the FABP3 protein, changing alanine(A) to glutamic acid(E). Expression analysis via qRT-PCR showed significant differences in FABP3 expression levels between individuals with AA and AC genotypes at the c.2366C>A locus, suggesting that this missense mutation may influence intramuscular fat deposition by altering protein function.In summary, the c.2366C>A locus of the FABP3 gene is significantly associated with intramuscular fat content and may serve as a candidate functional marker for meat quality traits. These findings provide a novel molecular marker for the breeding and genetic improvement of meat quality in Anqing Liubai pigs.